Principle of incremental encoder

The structure of the incremental photoelectric encoder is shown in Figure 1. N light-transmitting grooves are made at equal intervals on the edge of the code wheel. The light emitted by the light emitting diode (LED) passes through the slot is received by the photoelectric. When the code wheel rotates 1/n circle, the photoelectric sends out counting pulses, the counter counts the number of pulses up down to determine the relative rotation angle of the code wheel. In order to obtain the absolute position of the encoder rotation, a reference point must be set, as shown in the "zero mark slot". In order to determine the direction of rotation of the encoder disc, two sets of photoelectric elements are actually installed, such as the sine signal receiver the cosine signal receiver in the picture.

In addition to measuring angular displacement, incremental photoelectric encoders can also measure speed by measuring the frequency of photoelectric pulses. If a mechanical device is used to convert linear displacement into angular displacement, it can also be used to measure linear displacement. The simple way is to use a rack pinion ball nut screw mechanical system. The accuracy of this linear displacement measurement method is related to the accuracy of the mechanical linear rotary transducer.

The structure of the incremental photoelectric encoder is shown in Figure 1. N light-transmitting grooves are made at equal intervals on the edge of the code wheel. The light emitted by the light emitting (LED) passes through the slot is received by the photoelectric. When the code wheel rotates 1/n circle, the photoelectric sends out counting pulses, the counter counts the number of pulses up down to determine the relative rotation angle of the code wheel. In order to obtain the absolute position of the encoder rotation, a reference point must be set, as shown in the "zero mark slot". In order to determine the direction of rotation of the encoder disc, two sets of photoelectric elements are actually installed, such as the sine signal receiver the cosine signal receiver in the picture.

In addition to measuring angular displacement, incremental photoelectric encoders can also measure speed by measuring the frequency of photoelectric pulses. If a mechanical device is used to convert linear displacement into angular displacement, it can also be used to measure linear displacement. The simple way is to use a rack pinion ball nut screw mechanical system. The accuracy of this linear displacement measurement method is related to the accuracy of the mechanical linear rotary transducer. The incremental encoder converts the displacement into a periodic electric signal, then converts the electric signal into count pulses. The number of pulses is used to indicate the magnitude of the displacement. According to the working principle, the encoder can be divided into two types: incremental absolute

The incremental encoder converts the displacement into a periodic electric signal, then converts the electric signal into a counting pulse. The number of pulses represents the magnitude of the displacement.

Encoder is a device that converts angular displacement linear displacement into electrical signals. The former is called the code wheel, the latter is called the ruler. Encoders can be divided into contact type non-contact type according to the reading method. The contact type is output using a pen. The brush touches the conductive area the insulating area, indicating whether the code status is "1" "0"; whether the non-contact receiving sensor is a photosensitive element a magnetic sensor. The light-transmitting area the opaque area indicate whether the status of the code is "1" "0".

When the shaft of the incremental encoder rotates, there is a corresponding pulse output. The judgment of the rotation direction the increase decrease of the number of pulses are realized by the following direction circuit counter. The counting starting point can be set arbitrarily, which can realize unlimited accumulation measurement of multiple circles. The Z signal of each pulse transmitted can also be used as a reference mechanical zero position. One rotation of the encoder shaft will output a fixed pulse, the number of pulses is determined by the number of encoder grating lines. When you need to improve the resolution, you can multiply the original pulse number with the A B signals with a phase difference of 90 degrees, replace the high-resolution encoder.

DEUPREE (Qingdao) Industrial Technology Co., Ltd. is an integrated enterprise focusing on the research development of automated industrial technology equipment manufacturing. The company’s products mainly include rotational motion sensors, linear displacement sensors, object recognition sensors, laser rangefinders, process control measurement Class instruments, signal detection systems, signal transmission systems, immature drive systems, UPS safety power supply systems, automation equipment energy-saving cleaning auxiliary equipment systems are limited to this. We can also customize flexibly customize according to customer needs to meet different Different needs of customers.